-B, --read-full-blocks
Ignored for compatibility with other tar(1) implementations.
|
-b blocksize, --block-size blocksize
Specify the block size, in 512-byte records, for tape drive I/O. As a rule, this argument is only
needed when reading from or writing to tape drives, and usually not even then as the default block
size of 20 records (10240 bytes) is very common.
|
-C directory, --cd directory, --directory directory
In c and r mode, this changes the directory before adding the following files. In x mode, change
directories after opening the archive but before extracting entries from the archive.
|
--chroot
(x mode only) chroot() to the current directory after processing any -C options and before
extracting any files.
|
--disable-copyfile
Mac OS X specific. Disable the use of copyfile(3).
|
--exclude pattern
Do not process files or directories that match the specified pattern. Note that exclusions take
precedence over patterns or filenames specified on the command line.
|
--format format
(c, r, u mode only) Use the specified format for the created archive. Supported formats include
“cpio”, “pax”, “shar”, and “ustar”. Other formats may also be supported; see libarchive-formats(5)
for more information about currently-supported formats. In r and u modes, when extending an
existing archive, the format specified here must be compatible with the format of the existing
archive on disk.
|
-f file, --file file
Read the archive from or write the archive to the specified file. The filename can be - for
standard input or standard output. The default varies by system; on FreeBSD, the default is
/dev/sa0; on Linux, the default is /dev/st0.
|
--gid id
Use the provided group id number. On extract, this overrides the group id in the archive; the
group name in the archive will be ignored. On create, this overrides the group id read from disk;
if --gname is not also specified, the group name will be set to match the group id.
|
--gname name
Use the provided group name. On extract, this overrides the group name in the archive; if the
provided group name does not exist on the system, the group id (from the archive or from the --gid
option) will be used instead. On create, this sets the group name that will be stored in the
archive; the name will not be verified against the system group database.
|
-H (c and r mode only) Symbolic links named on the command line will be followed; the target of the
link will be archived, not the link itself.
|
-h (c and r mode only) Synonym for -L.
-I Synonym for -T.
|
--help Show usage.
|
--include pattern
Process only files or directories that match the specified pattern. Note that exclusions specified
with --exclude take precedence over inclusions. If no inclusions are explicitly specified, all
entries are processed by default. The --include option is especially useful when filtering
archives. For example, the command
tar -c -f new.tar --include='*foo*' @old.tgz
creates a new archive new.tar containing only the entries from old.tgz containing the string ‘foo’.
|
-J, --xz
(c mode only) Compress the resulting archive with xz(1). In extract or list modes, this option is
ignored. Note that, unlike other tar implementations, this implementation recognizes XZ
compression automatically when reading archives.
|
-j, --bzip, --bzip2, --bunzip2
(c mode only) Compress the resulting archive with bzip2(1). In extract or list modes, this option
is ignored. Note that, unlike other tar implementations, this implementation recognizes bzip2
compression automatically when reading archives.
|
-k, --keep-old-files
(x mode only) Do not overwrite existing files. In particular, if a file appears more than once in
an archive, later copies will not overwrite earlier copies.
|
--keep-newer-files
(x mode only) Do not overwrite existing files that are newer than the versions appearing in the
archive being extracted.
|
-L, --dereference
(c and r mode only) All symbolic links will be followed. Normally, symbolic links are archived as
such. With this option, the target of the link will be archived instead.
|
-l, --check-links
(c and r modes only) Issue a warning message unless all links to each file are archived.
|
--lzma (c mode only) Compress the resulting archive with the original LZMA algorithm. Use of this option
is discouraged and new archives should be created with --xz instead. Note that, unlike other tar
implementations, this implementation recognizes LZMA compression automatically when reading
archives.
|
-m, --modification-time
(x mode only) Do not extract modification time. By default, the modification time is set to the
time stored in the archive.
|
-n, --norecurse, --no-recursion
(c, r, u modes only) Do not recursively archive the contents of directories.
|
--newer date
(c, r, u modes only) Only include files and directories newer than the specified date. This
compares ctime entries.
|
--newer-mtime date
(c, r, u modes only) Like --newer, except it compares mtime entries instead of ctime entries.
|
--newer-than file
(c, r, u modes only) Only include files and directories newer than the specified file. This
compares ctime entries.
|
--newer-mtime-than file
(c, r, u modes only) Like --newer-than, except it compares mtime entries instead of ctime entries.
|
--nodump
(c and r modes only) Honor the nodump file flag by skipping this file.
|
--null (use with -I or -T) Filenames or patterns are separated by null characters, not by newlines. This
is often used to read filenames output by the -print0 option to find(1).
|
--no-same-owner
(x mode only) Do not extract owner and group IDs. This is the reverse of --same-owner and the
default behavior if tar is run as non-root.
|
--no-same-permissions
(x mode only) Do not extract full permissions (SGID, SUID, sticky bit, ACLs, extended attributes or
extended file flags). This is the reverse of -p and the default behavior if tar is run as non-
root.
|
--numeric-owner
This is equivalent to --uname "" --gname "". On extract, it causes user and group names in the
archive to be ignored in favor of the numeric user and group ids. On create, it causes user and
group names to not be stored in the archive.
|
-O, --to-stdout
(x, t modes only) In extract (-x) mode, files will be written to standard out rather than being
extracted to disk. In list (-t) mode, the file listing will be written to stderr rather than the
usual stdout.
|
-o (x mode) Use the user and group of the user running the program rather than those specified in the
archive. Note that this has no significance unless -p is specified, and the program is being run
by the root user. In this case, the file modes and flags from the archive will be restored, but
ACLs or owner information in the archive will be discarded.
|
-o (c, r, u mode) A synonym for --format ustar
|
--one-file-system
(c, r, and u modes) Do not cross mount points.
|
--options options
Select optional behaviors for particular modules. The argument is a text string containing comma-
separated keywords and values. These are passed to the modules that handle particular formats to
control how those formats will behave. Each option has one of the following forms:
key=value
The key will be set to the specified value in every module that supports it. Modules that
do not support this key will ignore it.
key The key will be enabled in every module that supports it. This is equivalent to key=1.
!key The key will be disabled in every module that supports it.
module:key=value, module:key, module:!key
As above, but the corresponding key and value will be provided only to modules whose name
matches module.
The currently supported modules and keys are:
iso9660:joliet
Support Joliet extensions. This is enabled by default, use !joliet or iso9660:!joliet to
disable.
iso9660:rockridge
Support Rock Ridge extensions. This is enabled by default, use !rockridge or
iso9660:!rockridge to disable.
gzip:compression-level
A decimal integer from 0 to 9 specifying the gzip compression level.
xz:compression-level
A decimal integer from 0 to 9 specifying the xz compression level.
mtree:keyword
The mtree writer module allows you to specify which mtree keywords will be included in the
output. Supported keywords include: cksum, device, flags, gid, gname, indent, link, md5,
mode, nlink, rmd160, sha1, sha256, sha384, sha512, size, time, uid, uname. The default is
equivalent to: “device, flags, gid, gname, link, mode, nlink, size, time, type, uid,
uname”.
mtree:all
Enables all of the above keywords. You can also use mtree:!all to disable all keywords.
mtree:use-set
Enable generation of /set lines in the output.
mtree:indent
Produce human-readable output by indenting options and splitting lines to fit into 80
columns.
zip:compression=type
Use type as compression method. Supported values are store (uncompressed) and deflate
(gzip algorithm).
If a provided option is not supported by any module, that is a fatal error.
|
-P, --absolute-paths
Preserve pathnames. By default, absolute pathnames (those that begin with a / character) have the
leading slash removed both when creating archives and extracting from them. Also, tar will refuse
to extract archive entries whose pathnames contain .. or whose target directory would be altered by
a symlink. This option suppresses these behaviors.
|
-p, --insecure, --preserve-permissions
(x mode only) Preserve file permissions. Attempt to restore the full permissions, including owner,
file modes, file flags and ACLs, if available, for each item extracted from the archive. This is
the default, if tar is being run by root and can be overridden by also specifying --no-same-owner
and --no-same-permissions.
|
--posix
(c, r, u mode only) Synonym for --format pax
|
-q, --fast-read
(x and t mode only) Extract or list only the first archive entry that matches each pattern or
filename operand. Exit as soon as each specified pattern or filename has been matched. By
default, the archive is always read to the very end, since there can be multiple entries with the
same name and, by convention, later entries overwrite earlier entries. This option is provided as
a performance optimization.
|
-S (x mode only) Extract files as sparse files. For every block on disk, check first if it contains
only NULL bytes and seek over it otherwise. This works similar to the conv=sparse option of dd.
|
-s pattern
Modify file or archive member names according to pattern. The pattern has the format
/old/new/[ghHprRsS] where old is a basic regular expression, new is the replacement string of the
matched part, and the optional trailing letters modify how the replacement is handled. If old is
not matched, the pattern is skipped. Within new, ~ is substituted with the match, \1 to \9 with
the content of the corresponding captured group. The optional trailing g specifies that matching
should continue after the matched part and stop on the first unmatched pattern. The optional
trailing s specifies that the pattern applies to the value of symbolic links. The optional
trailing p specifies that after a successful substitution the original path name and the new path
name should be printed to standard error. Optional trailing H, R, or S characters suppress
substitutions for hardlink targets, regular filenames, or symlink targets, respectively. Optional
trailing h, r, or s characters enable substitutions for hardlink targets, regular filenames, or
symlink targets, respectively. The default is hrs which applies substitutions to all names. In
particular, it is never necessary to specify h, r, or s.
|
--same-owner
(x mode only) Extract owner and group IDs. This is the reverse of --no-same-owner and the default
behavior if tar is run as root.
|
--strip-components count
Remove the specified number of leading path elements. Pathnames with fewer elements will be
silently skipped. Note that the pathname is edited after checking inclusion/exclusion patterns but
before security checks.
|
-T filename, --files-from filename
In x or t mode, tar will read the list of names to be extracted from filename. In c mode, tar will
read names to be archived from filename. The special name “-C” on a line by itself will cause the
current directory to be changed to the directory specified on the following line. Names are
terminated by newlines unless --null is specified. Note that --null also disables the special
handling of lines containing “-C”.
|
--totals
(c, r, u mode only) After archiving all files, print a summary to stderr.
|
-U, --unlink, --unlink-first
(x mode only) Unlink files before creating them. This can be a minor performance optimization if
most files already exist, but can make things slower if most files do not already exist. This flag
also causes tar to remove intervening directory symlinks instead of reporting an error. See the
SECURITY section below for more details.
|
--uid id
Use the provided user id number and ignore the user name from the archive. On create, if --uname
is not also specified, the user name will be set to match the user id.
|
--uname name
Use the provided user name. On extract, this overrides the user name in the archive; if the
provided user name does not exist on the system, it will be ignored and the user id (from the
archive or from the --uid option) will be used instead. On create, this sets the user name that
will be stored in the archive; the name is not verified against the system user database.
|
--use-compress-program program
Pipe the input (in x or t mode) or the output (in c mode) through program instead of using the
builtin compression support.
|
-v, --verbose
Produce verbose output. In create and extract modes, tar will list each file name as it is read
from or written to the archive. In list mode, tar will produce output similar to that of ls(1).
Additional -v options will provide additional detail.
|
--version
Print version of tar and libarchive, and exit.
|
-w, --confirmation, --interactive
Ask for confirmation for every action.
|
-X filename, --exclude-from filename
Read a list of exclusion patterns from the specified file. See --exclude for more information
about the handling of exclusions.
|
-y (c mode only) Compress the resulting archive with bzip2(1). In extract or list modes, this option
is ignored. Note that, unlike other tar implementations, this implementation recognizes bzip2
compression automatically when reading archives.
|
-Z, --compress, --uncompress
(c mode only) Compress the resulting archive with compress(1). In extract or list modes, this
option is ignored. Note that, unlike other tar implementations, this implementation recognizes
compress compression automatically when reading archives.
|
-z, --gunzip, --gzip
(c mode only) Compress the resulting archive with gzip(1). In extract or list modes, this option
is ignored. Note that, unlike other tar implementations, this implementation recognizes gzip
compression automatically when reading archives.
|